Short Contents	8
	Contents	10
	Foreword	20
	Preface to the fifth edition	24
	Introduction	26
	Is this book for you?	26
	What's in the book?	28
	Conventions	30
	I Mission Impossible	32
	1 Short course	33
	1.1 Getting started	35
	1.1.1 Your LaTeX	35
	1.1.2 Sample files	35
	1.1.3 Editing cycle	35
	1.1.4 Typing the source file	36
	1.2 The keyboard	37
	1.3 Your first text notes	38
	1.4 Lines too wide	41
	1.5 A note with formulas	42
	1.6 The building blocks of a formula	44
	1.7 Displayed formulas	48
	1.7.1 Equations	48
	1.7.2 Symbolic referencing	49
	Absolute referencing	50
	1.7.3 Aligned formulas	50
	Simple alignment	50
	Annotated alignment	52
	1.7.4 Cases	52
	1.8 The anatomy of a document	53
	1.9 Your own commands	55
	1.10 Adding an illustration	55
	1.11 The anatomy of a presentation	56
	2 And a few more things…	60
	2.1 Structure	60
	2.2 Auxiliary files	61
	2.3 Logical and visual design	64
	2.4 General error messages	64
	Experiment 1.	65
	Experiment 2.	65
	Experiment 3.	65
	Experiment 4.	66
	Experiment 5.	66
	Experiment 6.	66
	2.5 Errors in math	67
	Experiment 1	67
	Experiment 2	67
	Experiment 3	67
	2.6 Your errors: Davey's Dos and Don'ts	68
	Commands	68
	Text	69
	Formulas	70
	II Text and Math	71
	3 Typing text	72
	3.1 The keyboard	73
	3.1.1 Basic keys	73
	3.1.2 Special keys	74
	3.1.3 Prohibited keys	74
	3.2 Words, sentences, and paragraphs	75
	3.2.1 Spacing rules	75
	3.2.2 Periods	76
	3.3 Commanding LaTeX	78
	3.3.1 Commands and environments	78
	3.3.2 Scope	82
	Example 1	83
	Example 2	83
	3.3.3 Types of commands	84
	Fragile commands	84
	3.4 Symbols not on the keyboard	85
	3.4.1 Quotation marks	85
	3.4.2 Dashes	85
	3.4.3 Ties or nonbreakable spaces	86
	3.4.4 Special characters	87
	3.4.5 Ellipses	89
	3.4.6 Ligatures	89
	3.4.7 Accents and symbols in text	89
	3.4.8 Logos and dates	89
	3.4.9 Hyphenation	92
	3.5 Comments and footnotes	94
	3.5.1 Comments	95
	3.5.2 Footnotes	97
	3.6 Changing font characteristics	98
	3.6.1 Basic font characteristics	98
	3.6.2 Document font families	99
	3.6.3 Shape commands	100
	3.6.4 Italic corrections	101
	3.6.5 Series	103
	3.6.6 Size changes	103
	3.6.7 Orthogonality	104
	3.6.8 Obsolete two-letter commands	104
	3.6.9 Low-level commands	105
	3.7 Lines, paragraphs, and pages	105
	3.7.1 Lines	105
	Breaking lines	106
	Double spacing	108
	3.7.2 Paragraphs	109
	3.7.3 Pages	110
	3.7.4 Multicolumn printing	111
	3.8 Spaces	111
	3.8.1 Horizontal spaces	111
	Horizontal space variant	112
	3.8.2 Vertical spaces	113
	Vertical space variants	114
	3.8.3 Relative spaces	114
	3.8.4 Expanding spaces	115
	Horizontal spaces	115
	Vertical spaces	115
	3.9 Boxes	116
	3.9.1 Line boxes	116
	Line boxes—a refinement	116
	3.9.2 Frame boxes	118
	3.9.3 Paragraph boxes	119
	Paragraph box refinements	120
	Paragraph box as an environment	120
	3.9.4 Marginal comments	121
	3.9.5 Solid boxes	122
	Struts	122
	3.9.6 Fine tuning boxes	123
	4 Text environments	124
	4.1 Some general rules for displayed text environments	125
	4.2 List environments	125
	4.2.1 Numbered lists	125
	4.2.2 Bulleted lists	126
	4.2.3 Captioned lists	127
	4.2.4 A rule and combinations	127
	4.3 Style and size environments	130
	4.4 Proclamations (theorem-like structures)	131
	Consecutive numbering	134
	Numbering within a section	134
	4.4.1 The full syntax	135
	4.4.2 Proclamations with style	136
	Three examples	136
	Example 1	136
	Example 2	137
	Example 3	137
	Number swapping	138
	Custom theorem styles	138
	4.5 Proof environments	138
	4.6 Tabular environments	140
	More column-formatting commands	142
	Refinements	144
	4.6.1 Table styles	147
	4.7 Tabbing environments	148
	4.8 Miscellaneous displayed text environments	150
	Quotes	150
	Quotations	151
	Verses	151
	Verbatim typesetting	152
	Verbatim typesetting inline	154
	5 Typing math	157
	5.1 Math environments	158
	5.2 Spacing rules	160
	5.3 Equations	161
	5.4 Basic constructs	163
	5.4.1 Arithmetic operations	163
	Subscripts and superscripts	164
	5.4.2 Binomial coefficients	165
	5.4.3 Ellipses	165
	5.4.4 Integrals	167
	5.4.5 Roots	167
	Root refinement	168
	5.4.6 Text in math	168
	5.4.7 Hebrew and Greek letters	170
	5.5 Delimiters	171
	5.5.1 Stretching delimiters	172
	5.5.2 Delimiters that do not stretch	173
	5.5.3 Limitations of stretching	173
	5.5.4 Delimiters as binary relations	174
	5.6 Operators	175
	5.6.1 Operator tables	175
	5.6.2 Congruences	177
	5.6.3 Large operators	177
	5.6.4 Multiline subscripts and superscripts	179
	5.7 Math accents	180
	5.8 Stretchable horizontal lines	181
	5.8.1 Horizontal braces	181
	5.8.2 Overlines and underlines	182
	5.8.3 Stretchable arrow math symbols	183
	5.9 Building a formula step-by-step	183
	Step 1	183
	Step 2	184
	Step 3	184
	Step 4	184
	Step 5	184
	Step 6	184
	Step 7	185
	Step 8	185
	5.10 Formula Gallery	186
	Formula 1	186
	Formula 2	186
	Formula 3	186
	Formula 4	187
	Formula 5	187
	Formula 6	187
	Formula 7	187
	Formula 8	188
	Formula 9	188
	Formula 10	188
	Formula 11	188
	Formula 12	189
	Formula 13	189
	Formula 14	189
	Formula 15	190
	Formula 16	190
	Formula 17	190
	Formula 18	191
	Formula 19	191
	Formula 20	191
	6 More math	193
	6.1 Spacing of symbols	194
	6.1.1 Classification	194
	6.1.2 Three exceptions	194
	6.1.3 Spacing commands	196
	6.1.4 Examples	196
	Example 1	196
	Example 2	197
	Example 3	197
	Example 4	197
	Example 5	197
	6.1.5 The phantom command	197
	6.2 The STIX math symbols	198
	6.2.1 Swinging it	198
	6.2.2 The STIX project	199
	6.2.3 Installation and usage	199
	6.3 Building new symbols	200
	6.3.1 Stacking symbols	200
	6.3.2 Negating and side-setting symbols	203
	6.3.3 Changing the type of a symbol	204
	6.4 Math alphabets and symbols	204
	6.4.1 Math alphabets	205
	6.4.2 Math symbol alphabets	206
	6.4.3 Bold math symbols	207
	6.4.4 Size changes	208
	6.4.5 Continued fractions	209
	6.5 Vertical spacing	209
	6.6 Tagging and grouping	211
	6.7 Miscellaneous	213
	6.7.1 Generalized fractions	213
	Examples	214
	6.7.2 Boxed formulas	215
	7 Multiline math displays	216
	7.1 Visual Guide	216
	7.1.1 Columns	216
	One column	218
	Two columns	218
	7.1.2 Subsidiary math environments	218
	7.1.3 Adjusted columns	218
	7.1.4 Aligned columns	219
	7.1.5 Touring the Visual Guide	219
	7.2 Gathering formulas	220
	7.3 Splitting long formulas	221
	7.4 Some general rules	223
	7.4.1 General rules	223
	7.4.2 Subformula rules	224
	7.4.3 Breaking and aligning formulas	225
	7.4.4 Numbering groups of formulas	226
	7.5 Aligned columns	227
	7.5.1 An align variant	230
	7.5.2 eqnarray, the ancestor of align	230
	7.5.3 The subformula rule revisited	231
	7.5.4 The alignat environment	232
	7.5.5 Inserting text	233
	7.6 Aligned subsidiary math environments	235
	7.6.1 Subsidiary variants	235
	7.6.2 Split	237
	7.7 Adjusted columns	239
	7.7.1 Matrices	240
	Matrix variants	242
	Small matrix	243
	7.7.2 Arrays	243
	7.7.3 Cases	246
	7.8 Commutative diagrams	247
	7.9 Adjusting the display	249
	III Document Structure	251
	8 Documents	252
	8.1 The structure of a document	253
	8.2 The preamble	254
	8.3 Top matter	256
	8.3.1 Abstract	256
	8.4 Main matter	257
	8.4.1 Sectioning	257
	Sections	257
	Other sectioning commands	257
	The form of sectioning commands	258
	Form 1	258
	Form 2	258
	Form 3	258
	Sectioning commands typeset	259
	Appendix	260
	8.4.2 Cross-referencing	260
	Symbolic referencing	260
	Example 1	261
	Example 2	261
	Example 3	262
	Absolute referencing	263
	Page referencing	264
	8.4.3 Floating tables and illustrations	265
	Tables	265
	Figures	266
	Float control	267
	8.5 Back matter	268
	8.5.1 Bibliographies in articles	268
	8.5.2 Simple indexes	274
	8.6 Visual design	275
	9 The AMS article document class	278
	9.1 Why amsart?	278
	9.1.1 Submitting an article to the AMS	278
	9.1.2 Submitting an article to Algebra Universalis	279
	9.1.3 Submitting to other journals	279
	9.1.4 Submitting to conference proceedings	280
	9.2 The top matter	280
	9.2.1 Article information	280
	9.2.2 Author information	282
	9.2.3 AMS information	286
	9.2.4 Multiple authors	287
	9.2.5 Examples	288
	Example 1	288
	Example 2	289
	Example 3	289
	Example 4	290
	9.2.6 Abstract	291
	9.3 The sample article	291
	9.4 Article templates	298
	Step 1	298
	Step 2	299
	Step 3	299
	9.5 Options	302
	Font size	302
	Paper size	302
	Equations and equation numbers	302
	Limits	303
	Two-sided printing	304
	Two-column printing	304
	Title page	304
	Draft	304
	Fonts	304
	No math	305
	9.6 The AMS packages	305
	Math enhancements	305
	AMSFonts	306
	Loading packages	306
	Multiple indices	307
	10 Legacy documents	308
	10.1 Articles and reports	308
	10.1.1 Top matter	309
	10.1.2 Options	311
	Font size	311
	Paper size	311
	Draft	311
	Landscape printing	312
	Two-sided printing	312
	Two-column printing	312
	Title page	312
	Equations and equation numbers	312
	Bibliography	313
	Combinations	313
	10.2 Letters	313
	10.3 The LaTeX distribution	315
	10.3.1 Tools	317
	IV PDF Documents	320
	11 The PDF file format	321
	11.1 PostScript and pdf	321
	11.1.1 PostScript	321
	11.1.2 pdf	322
	11.1.3 Hyperlinks	323
	11.2 Hyperlinks for LaTeX	323
	11.2.1 Using hyperref	323
	11.2.2 backref and colorlinks	324
	11.2.3 Bookmarks	325
	11.2.4 Additional commands	326
	Preventing links	326
	Long links	326
	External links	326
	12 Presentations	328
	12.1 Quick and dirty beamer	329
	12.1.1 First changes	329
	12.1.2 Changes in the body	330
	12.1.3 Making things prettier	330
	12.1.4 Adjusting the navigation	331
	12.2 Baby beamers	334
	12.2.1 Overlays	336
	12.2.2 Understanding overlays	338
	Example 1	338
	Example 2	339
	Example 3	339
	Overlay specifications	340
	12.2.3 More on the '134only and '134onslide commands	340
	The basic syntax	340
	A different syntax	341
	12.2.4 Lists as overlays	342
	12.2.5 Out of sequence overlays	344
	12.2.6 Blocks and overlays	345
	12.2.7 Links	346
	12.2.8 Columns	350
	12.2.9 Coloring	351
	12.3 The structure of a presentation	353
	12.3.1 Longer presentations	357
	12.3.2 Navigation symbols	357
	12.4 Notes	357
	12.5 Themes	359
	12.6 Planning your presentation	361
	12.7 What did I leave out?	362
	13 Illustrations	364
	13.1 Your first picture	365
	Step 1: Draw the grid	365
	Step 2: Draw the four edges	366
	Step 3: Draw the circles	366
	Step 4: Fill the circles	367
	Step 5: Add the labels	367
	Step 6: Remember, this is LaTeX	367
	13.2 The building blocks of an illustration	368
	13.3 Transformations	372
	13.4 Path attributes	374
	13.5 Coding the example	377
	13.6 What did I leave out?	378
	V Customization	379
	14 Commands and environments	380
	14.1 Custom commands	381
	14.1.1 Examples and rules	381
	Commands to enhance readability	381
	Using new commands	383
	The xspace package	385
	Ensuring math	386
	14.1.2 Arguments	387
	14.1.3 Short arguments	390
	14.1.4 Optional arguments	391
	14.1.5 Redefining commands	392
	14.1.6 Defining operators	393
	14.1.7 Redefining names	394
	14.1.8 Showing the definitions of commands	394
	14.1.9 Delimited commands	396
	14.2 Custom environments	398
	14.2.1 Modifying existing environments	399
	14.2.2 Arguments	402
	14.2.3 Optional arguments with default values	402
	14.2.4 Short contents	403
	14.2.5 Brand-new environments	403
	14.3 A custom command file	404
	14.4 The sample article with custom commands	413
	14.5 Numbering and measuring	419
	14.5.1 Counters	419
	Standard LaTeX counters	419
	Setting counters	420
	Defining new counters	420
	Counter styles	421
	Counter arithmetic	422
	Two special counters	423
	14.5.2 Length commands	424
	Defining new length commands	424
	Setting length	425
	Rubber lengths	427
	14.6 Custom lists	427
	14.6.1 Length commands for the list environment	427
	Vertical length commands	429
	Horizontal length commands	429
	14.6.2 The list environment	429
	Using counters	431
	14.6.3 Two complete examples	432
	Example 1	432
	Example 2	434
	14.6.4 The trivlist environment	435
	14.7 The dangers of customization	435
	VI Long Documents	438
	15 BibTeX	439
	15.1 The database	441
	15.1.1 Entry types	441
	15.1.2 Typing fields	443
	15.1.3 Articles	446
	15.1.4 Books	447
	15.1.5 Conference proceedings and collections	448
	Cross-referencing	450
	15.1.6 Theses	451
	15.1.7 Technical reports	452
	15.1.8 Manuscripts and other entry types	452
	15.1.9 Abbreviations	453
	15.2 Using BibTeX	454
	15.2.1 Sample files	454
	15.2.2 Setup	456
	15.2.3 Four steps of BibTeXing	457
	15.2.4 BibTeX files	457
	15.2.5 BibTeX rules and messages	460
	15.2.6 Submitting an article	463
	15.3 Concluding comments	463
	16 MakeIndex	465
	16.1 Preparing the document	465
	Command 1	466
	Commands 2 and 3	466
	Command 4	467
	Commands 5 to 7	467
	Command 8	467
	Command 9	467
	Command 10	467
	Command 11	468
	Command 12	468
	16.2 Index commands	469
	Simple '134index commands	469
	Modifiers	470
	Sorting control	471
	Sorting control and subentries	472
	Special characters	472
	Cross-references	473
	Placement of '134index commands	473
	Listing the forms of the '134index command	474
	16.3 Processing the index entries	474
	16.4 Rules	477
	16.5 Multiple indexes	478
	16.6 Glossary	479
	16.7 Concluding comments	479
	17 Books in LaTeX	480
	17.1 Book document classes	481
	17.1.1 Sectioning	481
	Equations in chapters	481
	17.1.2 Division of the body	482
	17.1.3 Document class options	483
	Two-sided printing	483
	Titlepage	483
	Chapter start	483
	17.1.4 Title pages	483
	17.2 Tables of contents, lists of tables and figures	484
	17.2.1 Tables of contents	484
	17.2.2 Lists of tables and figures	487
	17.2.3 Exercises	487
	17.3 Organizing the files for a book	488
	17.3.1 The folders and the master document	488
	17.3.2 Inclusion and selective inclusion	489
	17.3.3 Organizing your files	490
	17.4 Logical design	490
	17.5 Final preparations for the publisher	493
	17.6 If you create the pdf file for your book	495
	A Math symbol tables	498
	A.1 Hebrew and Greek letters	498
	A.2 Binary relations	500
	A.3 Binary operations	503
	A.4 Arrows	504
	A.5 Miscellaneous symbols	505
	A.6 Delimiters	506
	A.7 Operators	507
	A.7.1 Large operators	508
	A.8 Math accents and fonts	509
	A.9 Math spacing commands	510
	B Text symbol tables	511
	B.1 Some European characters	511
	B.2 Text accents	512
	B.3 Text font commands	512
	B.3.1 Text font family commands	512
	B.3.2 Text font size changes	513
	B.4 Additional text symbols	514
	B.5 Additional text symbols with T1 encoding	515
	B.6 Text spacing commands	516
	C Some background	517
	C.1 A short history	517
	C.1.1 TeX	517
	C.1.2 LaTeX 2.09 and AMS-TeX	518
	C.1.3 LaTeX 3	519
	The first interim solution	520
	The second interim solution	520
	C.1.4 More recent developments	520
	C.2 How LaTeX works	521
	C.2.1 The layers	521
	LaTeX	521
	Document classes	522
	Packages	522
	Documents	522
	C.2.2 Typesetting	522
	C.2.3 Viewing and printing	523
	C.2.4 LaTeX's files	524
	Auxiliary files	524
	Versions	525
	C.3 Interactive LaTeX	527
	C.4 Separating form and content	528
	D LaTeX and the Internet	530
	D.1 Obtaining files from the Internet	530
	D.2 The TeX Users Group	533
	D.3 Some useful sources of LaTeX information	534
	E PostScript fonts	535
	E.1 The Times font and MathT?me	536
	E.2 Lucida Bright fonts	538
	E.3 More PostScript fonts	538
	F LaTeX localized	539
	G LaTeX on the iPad	542
	G.1 The iPad as a computer	543
	G.1.1 File system	543
	G.1.2 FileApp	544
	G.1.3 Printing	546
	G.1.4 Text editors	546
	G.2 Files	547
	G.3 Two LaTeX implementations for the iPad	547
	G.3.1 Texpad	547
	G.3.2 TeX Writer	553
	G.4 Conclusion	554
	H Final thoughts	556
	H.1 What was left out?	556
	H.1.1 LaTeX omissions	556
	H.1.2 TeX omissions	557
	H.2 Further reading	558
	Bibliography	559
	Index	563